SSC-CGL 2025 Questions

17 Sep 2025 • Shift 1

100 Questions AvailableTake as Test

Question 1

Logical Reasoning

P is the sister of Q. R is the father of Q. How is R related to P?

Father

Uncle

Brother

Grandfather

Question 2

Logical Reasoning

Find the odd one out:

Copper

Iron

Gold

Plastic

Question 3

Logical Reasoning

A 20 L mixture contains milk and water in the ratio 2:3. How much milk must be added to make the ratio 4:3?

10 L

8 L

5 L

9 L

Question 4

Logical Reasoning

If + = ×, - = ÷, × = +, ÷ = -, then find: 24 + 6 - 2 × 4 ÷ 2 = ?

Question 5

Logical Reasoning

Select the letter -cluster from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series. CFG, EHI, GJK, ILM, ?

KNO

JMN

JMO

KMN

Question 6

Logical Reasoning

Which of the following is/are identical to the address given? 1. Rohit Kumar, Flat 12A, Sunrise Apartments, Andheri East, Mumbai - 400069 2. Rohit Kumar, Flat 12A, Sunrise Apartments, Andheri East, Mumbai - 400069 3. Rohit Kumar, Flat 12-A, Sunrise Apartments, Andheri East, Mumbai - 400069 4. Rohit Kumar, Flat 12A, Sunrise Apartment, Andheri East, Mumbai - 400069

1 and 2

1 and 3

2 and 4

3 and 4

Question 7

Logical Reasoning

If ‘+’ means ‘×’, ‘-’ means ‘÷’, ‘×’ means ‘+’ and ‘÷’ means ‘-’. Find the value of: 10 ÷ 4 + 6 × 32 - 8 = ?

-6

-8

-10

-12

Question 8

Logical Reasoning

The following equation is correct. Which two signs should be interchanged to correct it? 24 - 6 ÷ 3 × 2 + 4 = 24

- and ÷

× and +

÷ and ×

- and +

Question 9

Logical Reasoning

ROADMAP is to ORADPAM as JOURNEY is to:

OJURYEN

UOJRNEY

UOJRENY

OJURNEY

Question 10

Logical Reasoning

If 3 # 2 = 13, 4 # 3 = 25, then 5 # 4 = ?

Question 11

Logical Reasoning

Statements: A > B = C, D ≤ E < B, F > A Conclusions: I. F > C II. D < A

Only I is true

Only II is true

Both I and II are true

Neither I nor II is true

Question 12

Logical Reasoning

Rearrange the letters to form the name of a fruit:

lpeap

appel

paple

apple

Question 13

Logical Reasoning

Statement: The price of petrol has increased. Conclusions: I. Transportation costs may rise. II. People will stop using vehicles.

Only I follows

Only II follows

Both follow

Neither follows

Question 14

Logical Reasoning

Statement: Online education provides flexibility but requires reliable internet access. Assumptions: I. Students have access to the internet. II. Flexibility improves learning outcomes. III. Internet connectivity is essential for online education.

Only I and III are implicit

Only II and III are implicit

Only I is implicit

All are implicit

Question 15

Logical Reasoning

Pointing to a girl, a woman said, “She is the daughter of my brother’s wife.” How is the girl related to the woman?

Mother

Niece

Sister

Cousin

Question 16

Logical Reasoning

Identify the relation between Statement I and Statement II. Statement I: The company’s sales increased this year . Statement II: The company expanded its distribution network.

I is the cause and II is the effect

II is the cause and I is the effect

Both are independent

No relation

Question 17

Logical Reasoning

What will come at the place of question mark? 7, 13, 25, 49, ?

101

Question 18

Logical Reasoning

If 20% of a number is 40, what is the number?

160

180

200

240

Question 19

Logical Reasoning

Choose the address that is the same as the one given below. No. 21, Green Park Residency, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh - 462001

No. 21, Green Park Residency, Bhopal, MP - 462001

No. 21, Green Park Residency, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh - 462001

No. 12, Green Park Residency, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh - 462001

No. 21, Green Park Residency, Indore, Madhya Pradesh - 462001

Question 20

Logical Reasoning

If 7 * 2 = 98 and 9 * 3 = 243, then 5 * 4 = ?

100

120

125

140

Question 21

Logical Reasoning

What comes next? 2, 4, 12, 48, ?

230

240

220

384

Question 22

Logical Reasoning

Statement: Crime rates decreased after better street lighting. Conclusions: I. Visibility reduces crime. II. Criminals prefer darkness.

Only I follows

Only II follows

Both follow

Neither follows

Question 23

Logical Reasoning

If CAT is coded as BZS, how is DOG coded?

CNF

CPF

DNF

BNF

Question 24

Logical Reasoning

What comes next? BDF, EGI, HJL, ?

LNP

KNO

MPR

KMO

Question 25

Logical Reasoning

Find the odd one out: Mahatma Gandhi, Subhash Chandra Bose, Jawaharlal Nehru, Bhagat Singh, Rani Lakshmibai

Mahatma Gandhi

Subhash Chandra Bose

Jawaharlal Nehru

Bhagat Singh

Question 26

Which dynasty is credited with early fortifications around the Delhi region before the Sultanate period?

Paramaras

Chahamanas

Tomaras

Palas

Question 27

In Hindustani music, the term describing the permitted notes and their sequence in a raga is:

Tala

Bandish

Aroha–Avaroha

Laya

Question 28

The Green Revolution in India mainly focused on:

Pulses

Oilseeds

Wheat and rice

Cotton

Question 29

Consider the following statements about the Hubble Space Telescope (HST): 1. It operates mainly in the visible, ultraviolet, and near-infrared wavelengths. 2. It is placed in a geostationary orbit above the Earth. 3. It has contributed to measuring the rate of expansion of the Universe. Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Only 1 and 2

Only 1 and 3

Only 2 and 3

All 1, 2 and 3

Question 30

Statement 1: Inflation reduces purchasing power . Statement 2: Inflation always benefits savers.

Only Statement 1 is correct

Only Statement 2 is correct

Both are correct

Neither is correct

Question 31

Read the following statements about photosynthesis: 1.Chlorophyll absorbs light energy. 2.It occurs only at night. 3.Oxygen is released as a by-product. Which are correct?

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

1 only

1, 2 and 3

Question 32

Assertion (A): GST created a unified tax system. Reason (R): It replaced multiple indirect taxes.

Both A and R are true and R explains A

Both true but R not explanation

A true, R false

A false, R true

Question 33

Liberalisation refers to:

Increased government control

Reduction of trade barriers

Nationalisation

Currency demonetisation

Question 34

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?

Wood’s Despatch — Promotion of English education system

Hunter Commission — Abolition of universities

Sadler Commission — Focus on primary schooling only

Raleigh Commission — Vernacular press control

Question 35

The Human Development Index mainly considers:

Income, health, and education

Population growth

Inflation rate

Export levels

Question 36

Match the dance with state: 1. Bhangra A. Gujarat 2. Garba B. Punjab 3. Lavani C. Maharashtra 4. Yakshagana D. Karnataka A. 1-B 2-A 3-C 4-D (b) 1-A 2-B 3-D 4-C (c) 1-B 2-C 3-A 4-D (d) 1-D 2-A...

Option A

Option B

Option C

Option D

Question 37

Consider the following statements about the Fifth Schedule of the Indian Constitution: 1. It deals with the administration and control of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes. 2. The Governor of a state with Scheduled Areas can issue regulations to restrict land transfer from tribals to non - tribals. Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Only 1

Only 2

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

Question 38

Perini Shivatandavam, a vigorous dance tradition associated with warrior rituals and later revived in the 20th century by Nataraja Ramakrishna, is primarily linked to which Indian state?

Odisha

Telangana

Tamil Nadu

Karnataka

Question 39

Read the following statements carefully: Statement 1: The dockyard at Lothal indicates maritime trade activity. Statement 2: Harappans used standardized weights for commerce. Which of the following is/are correct?

Only S1

Only S2

Both S1 and S2 are correct

Neither S1 nor S2 is correct

Question 40

The annual cultural festival that showcases the traditions of multiple Naga tribes is organized to coincide with the Statehood Day of Nagaland.This festival is scheduled every year beginning on which date?

1 December

15 January

26 November

5 March

Question 41

Which Article deals with the President’s ordinance-making power?

Article 110

Article 123

Article 356

Article 368

Question 42

Which of the following initiatives focuses on enhancing climate resilience in drought -prone regions through integrated watershed management and community participation?

National Afforestation Programme

Integrated Watershed Management Programme

Green India Mission

Desert Development Scheme

Question 43

Which Mughal structure is known for its extensive use of red sandstone combined with white marble decoration?

Jama Masjid, Delhi

Agra Fort

Bibi Ka Maqbara

Moti Masjid

Question 44

Which of the following statements about the Asian Games is/are correct? 1. They are regulated by the Olympic Council of Asia. 2. They are held every four years.

Only 1

Only 2

Both 1 and 2 are correct

Neither 1 nor 2

Question 45

India’s first individual Olympic gold medal in athletics was won in:

Tokyo Olympics

Rio Olympics

Paris Olympics

Beijing Olympics

Question 46

In athletics, the term “foul line” is commonly associated with:

High jump

Shot put

Marathon

Hurdles

Question 47

The National Games 2022 in India were hosted by:

Kerala

Maharashtra

Gujarat

Punjab

Question 48

Who authored the book “Ignited Minds”?

R. Narayan

A.P .J. Abdul Kalam

Vikram Seth

Amartya Sen

Question 49

Minimum age to become a member of Rajya Sabha is:

Question 50

India and Bhutan mainly coordinate on hydropower development and management of shared river systems through which bilateral arrangement?

India–Bhutan Energy Dialogue

Joint Group of Experts on Hydropower

South Asian Power Pool

Himalayan River Commission

Question 51

Arithmetic

The area of a triangle is 25 cm². If a similar triangle has sides three times the corresponding sides of the first triangle, find its area.

75 cm²

150 cm²

225 cm²

300 cm²

Question 52

Arithmetic

From an external point P , two tangents PA and PB are drawn to a circle. If the length of PA is 15 cm, find the length of PB.

10 cm

12 cm

15 cm

18 cm

Question 53

Arithmetic

If sinA + cosA = 7/5, find sin2A.

9/25

24/25

7/10

12/25

Question 54

Arithmetic

If A : B = 4 : 5, B : C = 6 : 7, and C : D = 10 : 11, find the compound ratio A : B : C : D.

48 : 60 : 70 : 77

4 : 5 : 7 : 11

24 : 30 : 35 : 44

8 : 10 : 14 : 11

Question 55

Arithmetic

27³ + 18³ − 45³ + 108 is equal to:

−65502

−46656

Question 56

Arithmetic

A line L is the perpendicular bisector of the line segment joining points P(4, 6) and Q(10, 2). What is the y-intercept of line L?

-6.5

Question 57

Arithmetic

If the radius of a cone is doubled and its height is reduced to half, how does the volume change?

Becomes half of the original

Becomes double of the original

Remains unchanged

Becomes four times the original

Question 58

Arithmetic

If cotA = 3, find the value of (tanA + cotA).

10/3

4/3

13/3

3/10

Question 59

Arithmetic

What is the minimum number of cuts required to divide a cube into 27 equal smaller cubes?

Question 60

Arithmetic

A triangle can have:

Two obtuse angles

One acute angle and two right angles

Only one obtuse angle

Three angles each equal to 70°

Question 61

Arithmetic

If a = 0.01, b = 0.02, c = −0.03 and a + b + c = 0, find (a³ + b³ + c³) ÷ (3abc).

−1

Question 62

Arithmetic

A circle is inscribed in a right -angled triangle whose perpendicular sides are 9 cm and 12 cm. Find the radius of the inscribed circle.

2 cm

3 cm

4 cm

5 cm

Question 63

Arithmetic

Simplify:√17 + 12√2

4 + √2

2 + 3√2

3 + 2√2

5 + √4

Question 64

Arithmetic

If cosθ = 5/13 and θ lies in the first quadrant, find the value of sinθ.

12/13

5/12

13/12

12/5

Question 65

Arithmetic

A sector of a circle subtends an angle of 90° at the centre and has radius 6 cm. Another sector of the same circle subtends an angle of π/2 radians. Find the ratio of the areas of the two sectors.

1 : 2

2 : 1

1 : 1

3 : 2

Question 66

Arithmetic

Find the value of𝑥 = √15 + √15 + √15 + ⋯

1+√61 2

Question 67

Arithmetic

A shopkeeper buys 9 pens for the marked price of 8 pens. He sells each pen after allowing a discount of 5% on the marked price. Find his profit percentage.

10%

11.25%

6.875%

15%

Question 68

Arithmetic

If x + y = 7 and xy = 10, find: (x³ + y³)² - 9x²y²(x + y)²

24011

- 26411

12255

− 12251

Question 69

Arithmetic

Find the slope of the line 4x − 5y = 10.

4/5

−5/4

5/4

−4/5

Question 70

Arithmetic

₹800 is lent at a certain rate of simple interest. After 4 months, another ₹1200 is lent at a rate which is twice the original rate. If the total simple interest after 1 year is ₹96, find the original rate.

Question 71

Arithmetic

A tower casts a shadow of 15 meters on the ground. If the height of the tower is 15√3 meters, find the angle of elevation of the sun.

30°

45°

60°

75°

Question 72

Arithmetic

The volume of a hemisphere is numerically equal to three times its curved surface area. Find the radius of the hemisphere.

9 cm

10.5 cm

12 cm

14 cm

Question 73

Arithmetic

A sum of ₹12000 is divided into two parts and lent at 6% and 11% simple interest respectively. If the total annual interest earned is ₹960, find the amount lent at 11%.

₹5000

₹4800

₹7000

₹8000

Question 74

Arithmetic

Pipe A can fill a tank in 18 minutes and Pipe B can fill it in 36 minutes. Both are opened together . After 6 minutes, the rate of Pipe A becomes half and Pipe B’s rate becomes double. How many more minutes are required to fill the tank?

5 min

6 min

7 min

8 min

Question 75

Arithmetic

A hollow iron sphere with an outer radius of 14 cm is melted and recast into 64 identical solid spheres, each of radius 3 cm. Find the inner radius (nearest to the integer) of the original sphere.

10 cm

11 cm

12 cm

9 cm

Question 76

Comprehension

A sentence is provided in direct speech. From the four given options, choose the one that most accurately conveys the sentence in its corresponding indirect speech. He said to me, “You ought to study harder .”

He said me that I ought to study harder .

He told me that I ought to study harder .

He told me that you ought to study harder .

He told that I ought to study harder .

Question 77

Comprehension

Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word: EXIGUOUS

Meagre

Immense

Redundant

Plentiful

Question 78

Comprehension

Find the word that is spelled correctly and means the quality of being harshly sarcastic.

Causticity

Caustisity

Caustyciti

Costicity

Question 79

Comprehension

A sentence is provided in indirect speech. From the four given options, choose the one that most accurately conveys the sentence in its corresponding direct speech. The envoy said that only after the truce would talks commence.

“Talks commence only after the truce,” said the envoy.

“Only after the truce, talks would commence,” said the envoy.

“Only after the truce will talks commence,” said the envoy.

“Talks would commence once the truce is declared,” said the envoy.

Question 80

Comprehension

Select the most appropriate antonym of the given word. Abrogate

Rescind

Annul

Ratify

Repeal

Question 81

Comprehension

Choose the correct one-word substitute for: “Extremely ancient; belonging to a very remote period.”

Antiquated

Medieval

Antediluvian

Obsolete

Question 82

Comprehension

Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word: LUMINOUS

Gloomy

Murky

Opaque

Resplendent

Question 83

Comprehension

Choose the correct meaning of idiom: To chew over an idea

Eat noisily

Wander aimlessly in thought

Think deeply and repeatedly

Prepare aggressively for conflict

Question 84

Comprehension

Choose the correct one-word substitute for: “A person who advocates reform or improvement.”

Traditionalist

Reactionary

Reformer

Absolutist

Question 85

Comprehension

Rearrange the following sentences in correct order to make a logical passage. 1. The plan is approved after consent from all partners. 2. First, a preliminary outline is drafted. 3. Then modifications are made after consultations. 4. Finally, implementation starts according to schedule.

2-3-1-4

1-3-2-4

3-2-1-4

2-1-3-4

Question 86

Comprehension

Rearrange the following sentences to form a coherent paragraph: 1. A core concept in this paradigm is the “class,” which serves as a template for creating objects. 2. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a paradigm built around “objects,” which contain data as well as methods. 3. This enables a developer to define the structure and behavior of programs in an object-based manner . 4. A key benefit is that it mirrors real-world entities, making large systems easier to maintain and debug.

2, 1, 3, 4

4, 3, 2, 1

3, 1, 4, 2

1, 2, 3, 4

Question 87

Comprehension

Find the part of the sentence that contains an error: Seldom had the tribunal entertained an appeal (1)/ so lacking in substance, nor so plainly designed (2)/ to invite publicity rather than justice. (3)/ No error (4)/

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Question 88

Comprehension

Change the following from active to passive: They were broadcasting the match at 8 pm.

The match is broadcast at 8 pm.

The match was broadcast at 8 pm.

The match was being broadcast at 8 pm.

The match has been broadcast at 8 pm.

Question 89

Comprehension

Choose the correct option: The sociologist’s conclusions were so contentious that they were initially ____.

dismissed

applauded

endorsed

implemented

Question 90

Comprehension

Find the part of the sentence that contains an error: The revised guideline states (1)/ that every employee must comply with (2)/ the conduct policy (3)/ regardless of their designation. (4)/

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Question 91

Comprehension

Convert the sentence provided below from its passive voice structure to an active voice structure: A decision has been made to get the manuscript reviewed by an external committee.

An external committee has reviewed the manuscript.

The manuscript is being reviewed by an external committee.

They have decided to get the manuscript reviewed by an external committee.

The manuscript was reviewed by the committee as per the decision.

Question 92

Comprehension

Choose the most suitable option to replace the highlighted part of the sentence: She is confident to clear the interview.

of to clear the interview

that she clears the interview

of clearing the interview

on clearing interview

Question 93

Comprehension

What concern does the passage raise about Yoga’s worldwide popularity? Read the following passage and answer the questions based on the passage: India’s heritage of wellness traditions —seen in Yoga, Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani —forms a layered blend of philosophy, physiology, and metaphysical thought. Rather than remaining frozen in time, these systems have continuously adapted, negotiating their pl ace within local practice and global health conversations. Central to this worldview is the belief that the body is not merely a biological machine but a field of interlinked rhythms and energies. Yoga, shaped by Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras, is not simply a set of postures; it is a comprehensive discipline intended to align body, mind, and consciousness. In contemporary settings, however, Yoga has often been commercialized, especially outside India, where its philosophical grounding is frequently reduced to fitness routines or stress-management tools. While this shift has expanded global appeal, it also triggers concerns about cultural appropriation and loss of intellectual depth. Ayurveda views illness as an imbalance of the tridosha—vata, pitta, and kapha—forces said to govern bodily function. It emphasizes prakriti (constitution), ahara (diet), and dinacharya (daily regimen) as pillars of preventive care. Unlike allopathy’s symptom-focused interventions, Indian traditional medicine aims to restore equilibrium within the body’s internal ecology. This approach resonates with modern interest in personalized, preventive medicine, though the biomedical community often remains skeptical due to differences in method and proof. Government support for AYUSH reflects renewed institutional attention, yet critics warn against unquestioning promotion, pointing to limited standardized clinical trials, inconsistency in diagnostic frameworks, and difficulties in evidence -based validation. Moreover, commercial packaging of Ayurvedic products can marginalize traditional knowledge holders, turning living traditions into market commodities. The relationship between these systems and modern healthcare is therefore both hopeful and complex. Integrative models—especially in chronic care, mental health, and palliative support—may work, but they require epistemic humility and strict regulation. The risk lies in eit her glorifying these traditions as cure-alls or dismissing them as unscientific leftovers. Their future relevance depends on preserving philosophical depth while applying transparent, rigorous scrutiny, through dialogue rather than extremes.

Lack of studios

Dilution of its philosophical foundation

Shortage of practitioners

Excess control by Indian agencies

Question 94

Comprehension

Which option best represents the Ayurvedic view of illness, as discussed? Read the following passage and answer the questions based on the passage: India’s heritage of wellness traditions —seen in Yoga, Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani —forms a layered blend of philosophy, physiology, and metaphysical thought. Rather than remaining frozen in time, these systems have continuously adapted, negotiating their pl ace within local practice and global health conversations. Central to this worldview is the belief that the body is not merely a biological machine but a field of interlinked rhythms and energies. Yoga, shaped by Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras, is not simply a set of postures; it is a comprehensive discipline intended to align body, mind, and consciousness. In contemporary settings, however, Yoga has often been commercialized, especially outside India, where its philosophical grounding is frequently reduced to fitness routines or stress-management tools. While this shift has expanded global appeal, it also triggers concerns about cultural appropriation and loss of intellectual depth. Ayurveda views illness as an imbalance of the tridosha—vata, pitta, and kapha—forces said to govern bodily function. It emphasizes prakriti (constitution), ahara (diet), and dinacharya (daily regimen) as pillars of preventive care. Unlike allopathy’s symptom-focused interventions, Indian traditional medicine aims to restore equilibrium within the body’s internal ecology. This approach resonates with modern interest in personalized, preventive medicine, though the biomedical community often remains skeptical due to differences in method and proof. Government support for AYUSH reflects renewed institutional attention, yet critics warn against unquestioning promotion, pointing to limited standardized clinical trials, inconsistency in diagnostic frameworks, and difficulties in evidence -based validation. Moreover, commercial packaging of Ayurvedic products can marginalize traditional knowledge holders, turning living traditions into market commodities. The relationship between these systems and modern healthcare is therefore both hopeful and complex. Integrative models—especially in chronic care, mental health, and palliative support—may work, but they require epistemic humility and strict regulation. The risk lies in either glorifying these traditions as cure -alls or dismissing them as unscientific leftovers. Their future relevance depends on preserving philosophical depth while applying transparent, rigorous scrutiny, through dialogue rather than extremes.

Destroying pathogens through antibiotics

Using synthetic drugs for instant relief

Rebalancing the body through lifestyle and routine

Correcting genetic defects directly

Question 95

Comprehension

What risk linked to institutional promotion of AYUSH is mentioned in the passage? Read the following passage and answer the questions based on the passage: India’s heritage of wellness traditions —seen in Yoga, Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani —forms a layered blend of philosophy, physiology, and metaphysical thought. Rather than remaining frozen in time, these systems have continuously adapted, negotiating their pl ace within local practice and global health conversations. Central to this worldview is the belief that the body is not merely a biological machine but a field of interlinked rhythms and energies. Yoga, shaped by Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras, is not simply a set of postures; it is a comprehensive discipline intended to align body, mind, and consciousness. In contemporary settings, however, Yoga has often been commercialized, especially outside India, where its philosophical grounding is frequently reduced to fitness routines or stress-management tools. While this shift has expanded global appeal, it also triggers concerns about cultural appropriation and loss of intellectual depth. Ayurveda views illness as an imbalance of the tridosha—vata, pitta, and kapha—forces said to govern bodily function. It emphasizes prakriti (constitution), ahara (diet), and dinacharya (daily regimen) as pillars of preventive care. Unlike allopathy’s symptom-focused interventions, Indian traditional medicine aims to restore equilibrium within the body’s internal ecology. This approach resonates with modern interest in personalized, preventive medicine, though the biomedical community often remains skeptical due to differences in method and proof. Government support for AYUSH reflects renewed institutional attention, yet critics warn against unquestioning promotion, pointing to limited standardized clinical trials, inconsistency in diagnostic frameworks, and difficulties in evidence -based validation. Moreover, commercial packaging of Ayurvedic products can marginalize traditional knowledge holders, turning living traditions into market commodities. The relationship between these systems and modern healthcare is therefore both hopeful and complex. Integrative models—especially in chronic care, mental health, and palliative support—may work, but they require epistemic humility and strict regulation. The risk lies in either glorifying these traditions as cure -alls or dismissing them as unscientific leftovers. Their future relevance depends on preserving philosophical depth while applying transparent, rigorous scrutiny, through dialogue rather than extremes.

Rising production costs

Increased rural joblessness

Traditional knowledge holders being sidelined

Dependence on foreign investors

Question 96

Comprehension

What position does the author take regarding combining traditional medicine with modern healthcare? Read the following passage and answer the questions based on the passage: India’s heritage of wellness traditions —seen in Yoga, Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani —forms a layered blend of philosophy, physiology, and metaphysical thought. Rather than remaining frozen in time, these systems have continuously adapted, negotiating their pl ace within local practice and global health conversations. Central to this worldview is the belief that the body is not merely a biological machine but a field of interlinked rhythms and energies. Yoga, shaped by Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras, is not simply a set of postures; it is a comprehensive discipline intended to align body, mind, and consciousness. In contemporary settings, however, Yoga has often been commercialized, especially outside India, where its philosophical grounding is frequently reduced to fitness routines or stress-management tools. While this shift has expanded global appeal, it also triggers concerns about cultural appropriation and loss of intellectual depth. Ayurveda views illness as an imbalance of the tridosha—vata, pitta, and kapha—forces said to govern bodily function. It emphasizes prakriti (constitution), ahara (diet), and dinacharya (daily regimen) as pillars of preventive care. Unlike allopathy’s symptom-focused interventions, Indian traditional medicine aims to restore equilibrium within the body’s internal ecology. This approach resonates with modern interest in personalized, preventive medicine, though the biomedical community often remains skeptical due to differences in method and proof. Government support for AYUSH reflects renewed institutional attention, yet critics warn against unquestioning promotion, pointing to limited standardized clinical trials, inconsistency in diagnostic frameworks, and difficulties in evidence -based validation. Moreover, commercial packaging of Ayurvedic products can marginalize traditional knowledge holders, turning living traditions into market commodities. The relationship between these systems and modern healthcare is therefore both hopeful and complex. Integrative models—especially in chronic care, mental health, and palliative support—may work, but they require epistemic humility and strict regulation. The risk lies in either glorifying these traditions as cure -alls or dismissing them as unscientific leftovers. Their future relevance depends on preserving philosophical depth while applying transparent, rigorous scrutiny, through dialogue rather than extremes.

Traditional systems should replace allopathy

Modern medicine must reject tradition

Integration can work with humility and regulation

Both should remain strictly separate

Question 97

Comprehension

. According to the passage, what is essential for the continued relevance of Yoga and traditional medicine in India? Read the following passage and answer the questions based on the passage: India’s heritage of wellness traditions —seen in Yoga, Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani —forms a layered blend of philosophy, physiology, and metaphysical thought. Rather than remaining frozen in time, these systems have continuously adapted, negotiating their pl ace within local practice and global health conversations. Central to this worldview is the belief that the body is not merely a biological machine but a field of interlinked rhythms and energies. Yoga, shaped by Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras, is not simply a set of postures; it is a comprehensive discipline intended to align body, mind, and consciousness. In contemporary settings, however, Yoga has often been commercialized, especially outside India, where its philosophical grounding is frequently reduced to fitness routines or stress-management tools. While this shift has expanded global appeal, it also triggers concerns about cultural appropriation and loss of intellectual depth. Ayurveda views illness as an imbalance of the tridosha—vata, pitta, and kapha—forces said to govern bodily function. It emphasizes prakriti (constitution), ahara (diet), and dinacharya (daily regimen) as pillars of preventive care. Unlike allopathy’s symptom-focused interventions, Indian traditional medicine aims to restore equilibrium within the body’s internal ecology. This approach resonates with modern interest in personalized, preventive medicine, though the biomedical community often remains skeptical due to differences in method and proof. Government support for AYUSH reflects renewed institutional attention, yet critics warn against unquestioning promotion, pointing to limited standardized clinical trials, inconsistency in diagnostic frameworks, and difficulties in evidence -based validation. Moreover, commercial packaging of Ayurvedic products can marginalize traditional knowledge holders, turning living traditions into market commodities. The relationship between these systems and modern healthcare is therefore both hopeful and complex. Integrative models—especially in chronic care, mental health, and palliative support—may work, but they require epistemic humility and strict regulation. The risk lies in either glorifying these traditions as cure -alls or dismissing them as unscientific leftovers. Their future relevance depends on preserving philosophical depth while applying transparent, rigorous scrutiny, through dialogue rather than extremes.

Unquestioning patriotism

Complete scientific dismissal

A dialogic integration of tradition and modernity

Reliance only on foreign approval

Question 98

Comprehension

Choose the correct spelling of a word meaning "light, witty talk or banter ."

Persiflage

Persiflaige

Persiphlege

Persiflagee

Question 99

Comprehension

A sentence is provided in direct speech. From the four given options, choose the one that most accurately conveys the sentence in its corresponding indirect speech. The researcher said, “We have been observing this phenomenon for months.”

The researcher said they had been observing that phenomenon for months.

The researcher said they have been observing this phenomenon for months.

The researcher said that they were observing that phenomenon.

The researcher said that we had observed this phenomenon.

Question 100

Comprehension

Select the sentence containing the homonym of the highlighted word: The bishop denounced the act as simony, citing church law.

The cleric was charged with simony for selling sacred offices.

Historians noted that simony corrupted many medieval appointments.

The chemist measured the simony of the compound under pressure.

Simony was condemned repeatedly by reform councils.